{"id":157,"date":"2026-03-27T15:43:31","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T15:43:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/vn\/using-given-when-then-specify-user-story-behavior\/"},"modified":"2026-03-27T15:43:31","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T15:43:31","slug":"using-given-when-then-specify-user-story-behavior","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/vn\/using-given-when-then-specify-user-story-behavior\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan h\u00ecnh dung v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng l\u1edbn. S\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0Given When Then<\/strong> c\u00fa ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u1eadp vi\u1ebft; n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ed9i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb mong mu\u1ed1n. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

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\"Marker<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\ud83e\udde0 Hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h2>\n

M\u1eabu Given When Then l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh vi (BDD). N\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn theo c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Given:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng di\u1ec5n ra.<\/li>\n
  • When:<\/strong> M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh vi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c k\u00edch th\u00edch.<\/li>\n
  • Then:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i sau h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. T\u00ednh modular n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udcdd Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/h2>\n

    \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u201cGiven\u201d<\/h3>\n

    B\u01b0\u1edbc Given th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc Given \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u?\u201d<\/p>\n

    H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft tinh t\u1ebf khi vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i so v\u1edbi D\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp) v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 100 \u0111\u00f4 la).<\/li>\n
    • \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft:<\/strong> Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch thanh to\u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i do thi\u1ebfu ti\u1ec1n, b\u01b0\u1edbc Given ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/li>\n
    • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u:<\/strong> Gi\u1eef n\u00f3 mang t\u00ednh tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1. Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 \u201cNh\u1ea5n n\u00fat\u201d. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Khi b\u01b0\u1edbc Given m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sai (false negatives).<\/p>\n

      \ud83d\ude80 K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u201cWhen\u201d<\/h3>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc When \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i. B\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y n\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc When, s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o trong lu\u1ed3ng g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

      Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd trong ph\u1ea7n When bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb:<\/strong> T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed7i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chia ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng (Scenario Outlines).<\/li>\n
      • M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/strong>Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu\u201d t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u201cN\u00fat g\u1eedi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5p.\u201d<\/li>\n
      • Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 \u201cs\u1edbm\u201d hay \u201csau n\u00e0y.\u201d H\u00e3y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \ud83d\udcdd K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cKhi \u0111\u00f3\u201d<\/h3>\n

        B\u01b0\u1edbc Khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c minh. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc Khi n\u00e0o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc Khi \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00ean:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/strong>X\u00e1c minh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, b\u1ea3n ghi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i API.<\/li>\n
        • Tr\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong>T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i logic b\u00ean trong. \u201cTh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n\u201d t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u201cID c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean.\u201d<\/li>\n
        • Bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. \u201cKhi \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i\u201d quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec \u201cKhi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \ud83d\udcca N\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n

          \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng trong b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Lo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/th>\nTr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/th>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/td>\nLu\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td>\nCho tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, Khi th\u1eed \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, Khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n bi\u00ean<\/td>\nCho tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u g\u1ed3m 8 k\u00fd t\u1ef1, Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i, Khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/td>\nX\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i<\/td>\nCho tr\u01b0\u1edbc phi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp, Khi \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn trang \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan qu\u00e9t nhanh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea1m vi bao ph\u1ee7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n

          \ud83d\udeab Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n

          Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 khung v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y s\u1edbm s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

          \u274c Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc kinh doanh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cCho tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\u201d s\u1ebd tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

          \u274c \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/h3>\n

          Nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 \u201cx\u1eed l\u00fd\u201d, \u201cx\u1eed l\u00fd\u201d, ho\u1eb7c \u201cqu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u201d qu\u00e1 chung chung. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Thay v\u00ec n\u00f3i \u201cH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng\u201d, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng \u201cEmail x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i\u201d. T\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c sai l\u1ec7ch trong c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

          \u274c Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n

          M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chi ti\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u01b0\u1edbc Given, th\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c. H\u00e3y chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

          \u274c G\u1eafn k\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n

          \u0110\u1eebng vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 t\u00ean l\u1edbp hay l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

          \ud83d\udc65 \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/h2>\n

          S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Given When Then n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u; m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:<\/strong> H\u1ecd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u201cThen\u201d d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh doanh. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
          • L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean:<\/strong> H\u1ecd l\u00e0m r\u00f5 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u201cGiven\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n
          • Chuy\u00ean gia ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed:<\/strong> H\u1ecd x\u00e1c minh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cWhen\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t. Khi b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng chung, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

            \ud83d\udd01 T\u1eeb m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n

            M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00fa ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp sang c\u00e1c khung ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. D\u00f9 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac logic v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

            Khi m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 th\u1ef1c thi v\u1edbi \u00edt tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>M\u1ed7i c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb Given, When ho\u1eb7c Then c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m trong b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/li>\n
            • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>C\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (nh\u01b0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp\u201d) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n
            • An to\u00e0n khi ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i h\u1ed3i quy:<\/strong>Khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00e3 m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng h\u00e0nh vi hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              S\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin duy nh\u1ea5t. Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

              \ud83d\udc8e V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n

              \u0110\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n

              \u274c M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/h3>\n

              \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd qu\u00ean m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00ean g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t email.\u201d<\/p>\n

              \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng cho vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i? Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1eedi email l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

              \u2705 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Khi V\u1eady th\u00ec \u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3<\/h3>\n

              \nCh\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<\/strong>
              \nCho r\u1eb1ng<\/strong>ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email \u201ctest@example.com\u201d
              \nKhi<\/strong>h\u1ecd g\u1eedi bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email \u0111\u00f3
              \nTh\u00ec<\/strong>m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh
              \nV\u00e0<\/strong>m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u201ctest@example.com\u201d<\/p>\n

              Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: \u0110\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft<\/strong>
              \nCho r\u1eb1ng<\/strong>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0o li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u201cunknown@example.com\u201d
              \nKhi<\/strong>h\u1ecd g\u1eedi bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u
              \nTh\u00ec<\/strong>m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb
              \nV\u00e0<\/strong>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 email n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p\n<\/p>\n

              Nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 hai b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

              \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean D\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

              Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi duy nh\u1ea5t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

              C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a lu\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 d\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i<\/th>\nTr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
              $50<\/td>\n$150<\/td>\nTh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              $-10<\/td>\n$100<\/td>\nL\u1ed7i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              $1000<\/td>\n$1000<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea1m vi bao ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu lu\u1ed3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ea1n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1eabu thay v\u00ec 50 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

              \ud83d\udccf B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n

              C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc Given When Then v\u1eabn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

              C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, h\u00e3y t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/li>\n
              • Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf:<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh logic kinh doanh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
              • Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u00f3a:<\/strong> Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m quen cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ee5c l\u1ecdi trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

                \ud83d\udca1 Nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/h2>\n

                Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn chi ti\u1ebft. M\u1eabu Given When Then cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3.<\/p>\n

                B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 xung quanh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a chung v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n

                H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y trao \u0111\u1ed5i, l\u00e0m r\u00f5 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan h\u00ecnh dung v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":158,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"\ud83e\udde9 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then. N\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[10,16],"class_list":["post-157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-user-story","tag-academic","tag-user-story"],"yoast_head":"\n\ud83e\udde9 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then. N\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/vn\/using-given-when-then-specify-user-story-behavior\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udde9 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Given When Then. 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