{"id":87,"date":"2026-04-03T03:29:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T03:29:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/tw\/normalization-denormalization-erd-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-04-03T03:29:02","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T03:29:02","slug":"normalization-denormalization-erd-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/tw\/normalization-denormalization-erd-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Q&amp;A\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u95dc\u65bcER\u5716\u4e2d\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u8207\u53cd\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u7684\u6700\u96e3\u554f\u984c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u8a2d\u8a08\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7a69\u5065\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u9aa8\u5e79\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u5be6\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u5716\uff08ERD\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u5169\u7a2e\u76f8\u4e92\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\uff1a\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u8207\u53cd\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u4f55\u6642\u61c9\u7528\u6bcf\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c07\u6c7a\u5b9a\u60a8\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\u7684\u9577\u671f\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u6548\u80fd\u8207\u53ef\u7dad\u8b77\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u63a2\u8a0e\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\u6700\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u689d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8a2d\u8a08\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u9700\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u5177\u3002\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p>\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u8207\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u7d93\u5e38\u671d\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u62c9\u626f\u3002\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u900f\u904e\u6e1b\u5c11\u5197\u9918\u4f86\u512a\u5148\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u53cd\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u5247\u900f\u904e\u5f15\u5165\u53d7\u63a7\u7684\u5197\u9918\u4f86\u512a\u5148\u63d0\u5347\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u95dc\u4fc2\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\u8207\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u6280\u8853\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002\ud83d\udcca<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Line art infographic comparing normalization and denormalization in ER diagrams, illustrating trade-offs between data integrity and query speed, featuring a balance scale visualization, use-case icons for denormalization scenarios, and a 5-step implementation workflow for database schema design\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/normalization-vs-denormalization-erd-infographic-line-art.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u8655\u7406\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\uff1f\ud83d\udd0d<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u5883\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u5b9a\u7fa9ERD\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u6b63\u898f\u5316\uff1f\ud83d\udd04<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u8cc7\u6599\u7d44\u7e54\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6e1b\u5c11\u5197\u9918\u4e26\u63d0\u5347\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u5c07\u5927\u578b\u8868\u683c\u62c6\u5206\u70ba\u8f03\u5c0f\u3001\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0a\u76f8\u4e92\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u4e26\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u6bcf\u7b46\u8cc7\u6599\u50c5\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a<\/strong> 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\u6e1b\u5c11\u8907\u96dc\u67e5\u8a62\u6240\u9700\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u6b21\u6578\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u512a\u9ede\uff1a<\/strong> \u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u67e5\u8a62\u908f\u8f2f\u66f4\u7c21\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4ee3\u50f9\uff1a<\/strong> 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\ud83d\udc22<\/h3>\n<p>\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u900f\u904e\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5f71\u97ff\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7576\u8cc7\u6599\u5206\u6563\u5728\u591a\u500b\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u5b8c\u6574\u8a18\u9304\u9700\u8981\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5f15\u64ce\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u8868\u683c\u9023\u7d50\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u6703\u6d88\u8017CPU\u548c\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u97ff\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9023\u63a5\u8907\u96dc\u5ea6\uff1a<\/strong> \u8868\u683c\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8a55\u4f30\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u689d\u4ef6\u5c31\u8d8a\u591a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong> 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\u2699\ufe0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u4e0d\u61c9\u662f\u9810\u8a2d\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u8b58\u5225\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u6027\u80fd\u554f\u984c\u5f8c\u624d\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u60a8\u61c9\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u8003\u616e\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8b80\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ca0\u8f09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7d71\u6bcf\u57f7\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u5beb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u8655\u7406\u6578\u5343\u6b21\u8b80\u53d6\uff0c\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u904e\u5132\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5831\u8868\u5100\u8868\u677f\uff1a<\/strong> \u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u5f9e\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u5bec\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u9810\u5148\u9023\u63a5\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5feb\u53d6\u5c64\uff1a<\/strong> \u6709\u6642\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u662f\u5728\u5feb\u53d6\u5c64\u4e2d\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e3b\u8981\u5132\u5b58\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u820a\u7cfb\u7d71\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/strong> \u8f03\u820a\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5f15\u64ce\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u786c\u9ad4\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u96e3\u4ee5\u8655\u7406\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Q4\uff1a\u5728\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u671f\u9593\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u8cc7\u6599\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1f \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f15\u5165\u5197\u9918\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u8cc7\u6599\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5728\u300c<em>\u8a02\u55ae<\/em>\u300d\u8868\u683c\u548c\u300c<em>\u5ba2\u6236<\/em>\u300d\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u90fd\u5132\u5b58\u5ba2\u6236\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u300c\u5ba2\u6236\u300d\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\u59d3\u540d\uff0c<em>\u5ba2\u6236<\/em> \u8868\u683c\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u5176\u9032\u884c\u7d1a\u806f\u66f4\u65b0<em>\u8a02\u55ae<\/em> \u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7dad\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u908f\u8f2f\uff1a<\/strong> \u78ba\u4fdd\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\u6240\u6709\u5197\u9918\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u89f8\u767c\u5668\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u89f8\u767c\u5668\u5728\u4f86\u6e90\u8cc7\u6599\u8b8a\u66f4\u6642\u81ea\u52d5\u540c\u6b65\u5197\u9918\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u6838\u5c0d\uff1a<\/strong> \u57f7\u884c\u6392\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f86\u5be9\u6838\u4e26\u4fee\u5fa9\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8b80\u53d6\u8907\u672c\u5c08\u7528\u5316\uff1a<\/strong> \u4fdd\u6301\u4e3b\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u898f\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u8907\u672c\u9032\u884c\u5831\u8868\u8655\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u554f\u7b54\uff1a\u9032\u968e\u60c5\u5883\u8207\u6b0a\u8861 \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u8d85\u8d8a\u57fa\u790e\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u64f4\u5c55\u6642\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u6311\u6230\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Q5\uff1a\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500bERD\u4e2d\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u8207\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u8868\u683c\u55ce\uff1f \ud83e\udde9<\/h3>\n<p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u751f\u7522\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u6a19\u6e96\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u7dad\u6301\u6838\u5fc3\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u7d50\u69cb\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u4ea4\u6613\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u70ba\u7279\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u5883\u5efa\u7acb\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u6aa2\u8996\u6216\u6458\u8981\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c07\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u3001\u7522\u54c1\u548c\u8a02\u55ae\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\uff083NF\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u8ca1\u52d9\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5831\u8868\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/strong> \u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u8a02\u55ae\u7e3d\u984d\u8207\u5ba2\u6236\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u5100\u8868\u677f\u5448\u73fe\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6aa2\u8996\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528SQL\u6aa2\u8996\u5411\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5448\u73fe\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u9700\u5be6\u969b\u8907\u88fd\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Q6\uff1a\u975e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u662f\u5426\u9055\u53cd\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7406\u8ad6\uff1f \ud83d\udcda<\/h3>\n<p>\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u7684\u3002\u95dc\u4fc2\u7406\u8ad6\u4e3b\u5f35\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u7570\u5e38\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u5de5\u7a0b\u7d93\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6253\u7834\u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u5247\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u7b49\u7d1a\u5354\u8b70\uff08SLA\uff09\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u9055\u53cd\u662f\u6545\u610f\u4e14\u7d93\u904e\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5197\u9918\u5f97\u5230\u59a5\u5584\u7ba1\u7406\u4e26\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08\u5c0d\u65bc\u5176\u9810\u671f\u7528\u9014\u800c\u8a00\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Q7\uff1a\u7d22\u5f15\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u4e92\u52d5\uff1f \ud83d\udd16<\/h3>\n<p>\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u6e1b\u8f15\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u6210\u672c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u9032\u884c\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u5efa\u7acb\u5916\u9375\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5916\u9375\u5fc5\u9808\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8acb\u8003\u616e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5916\u9375\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong> \u6bcf\u500b\u5916\u9375\u90fd\u61c9\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u9023\u63a5\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8907\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u67e5\u8a62\u5728\u591a\u500b\u6b04\u4f4d\u4e0a\u9032\u884c\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u8907\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u6db5\u84cb\u6240\u6709\u9023\u63a5\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a<\/strong> \u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u5c0d\u5916\u9375\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0a\u7684\u5beb\u5165\u958b\u92b7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff1a\u898f\u7bc4\u5316 vs. \u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316 \ud83d\udccb<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u5448\u73fe\u6b0a\u8861\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8868\u683c\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u968e\u6bb5\u505a\u51fa\u6c7a\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<th>\u898f\u7bc4\u5316<\/th>\n<th>\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u8cc7\u6599\u5197\u9918<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u6700\u5c0f\u5316<\/td>\n<td>\u589e\u52a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5132\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u6548<\/td>\n<td>\u8f03\u4f4e\u6548<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u8b80\u53d6\u6548\u80fd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u8f03\u6162\uff08\u66f4\u591a\u9023\u63a5\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u8f03\u5feb\uff08\u8f03\u5c11\u9023\u63a5\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5beb\u5165\u6548\u80fd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u8f03\u5feb\uff08\u9700\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u8f03\u5c11\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u8f03\u6162\uff08\u9700\u66f4\u65b0\u6240\u6709\u526f\u672c\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u8907\u96dc\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\uff08\u8a31\u591a\u8868\u683c\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\uff08\u9700\u540c\u6b65\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6700\u4f73\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u5883<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>OLTP\uff0c\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7d71<\/td>\n<td>OLAP\uff0c\u5831\u8868\uff0c\u8b80\u53d6\u5bc6\u96c6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u5be6\u65bd\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u9010\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5 \ud83d\ude80<\/h2>\n<p>\u8a2d\u8a08\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u9700\u8981\u6709\u689d\u4e0d\u7d0a\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\u65bc\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u6b64\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u7a69\u56fa\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6b65\u9a5f 1\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u5efa\u6a21 \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u76ee\u6a19\u81f3\u5c11\u9054\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc4\u5f0f\uff083NF\uff09\u3002\u8b58\u5225\u6240\u6709\u5be6\u9ad4\u3001\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u6bcf\u5f35\u8868\u683c\u90fd\u6709\u4e3b\u9375\uff0c\u4e14\u5916\u9375\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6b63\u78ba\u3002\u6b64\u968e\u6bb5\u53ef\u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u8207\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6b65\u9a5f 2\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u6a21\u5f0f \ud83d\udd0e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u66f4\u6539\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u8cc7\u6599\u5c07\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u5b58\u53d6\u3002\u6aa2\u8996\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u9700\u6c42\u8207\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u8b58\u5225\u54ea\u4e9b\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u6216\u7d50\u69cb\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u5c0b\u627e\u7d93\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u591a\u500b\u9023\u63a5\uff08JOIN\uff09\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6b65\u9a5f 3\uff1a\u512a\u5316\u7d22\u5f15 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