{"id":85,"date":"2026-04-03T13:57:46","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T13:57:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/tw\/designing-scalable-erd-diagrams-high-traffic-backend\/"},"modified":"2026-04-03T13:57:46","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T13:57:46","slug":"designing-scalable-erd-diagrams-high-traffic-backend","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/tw\/designing-scalable-erd-diagrams-high-traffic-backend\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5168\u9762\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u70ba\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u5f8c\u7aef\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u5716"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n
\"Whimsical<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

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    \n
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    \ud83c\udf10 \u8b80\u53d6\u8207\u5beb\u5165\u512a\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n

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    1. \u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u5feb\u53d6\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n

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    2. \u5206\u5340\u8207\u5206\u7247\u91d1\u9470<\/h3>\n

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      \n
    • \u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247\uff1a<\/strong> \u6839\u64da\u91d1\u9470\u5206\u5272\u8cc7\u6599\u5217\u3002\u5be6\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u5716\uff08ERD\uff09\u5fc5\u9808\u986f\u793a\u91d1\u9470\u7684\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n
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      \u591a\u5c0d\u591a\u95dc\u4fc2\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u806f\u8868\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b64\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67e5\u8a62\u983b\u7e41\uff0c\u53ef\u8003\u616e\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u6b64\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u82e5\u57fa\u6578\u5141\u8a31\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7236\u5be6\u9ad4\u4e0a\u5132\u5b58\u95dc\u4fc2ID\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u9023\u63a5\u95dc\u806f\u8868\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u81ea\u6211\u5f15\u7528\u5be6\u9ad4<\/h3>\n

      \u67d0\u4e9b\u5be6\u9ad4\u6703\u81ea\u6211\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5206\u985e\u6216\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u7559\u8a00\u3002\u8a2d\u8a08\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u4fc2\u6642\u9700\u8b39\u614e\u3002\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u905e\u8ff4\u53ef\u80fd\u8017\u76e1\u7cfb\u7d71\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u61c9\u9650\u5236\u908f\u8f2f\u4e2d\u81ea\u6211\u5f15\u7528\u93c8\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u5316\u8def\u5f91\u4f86\u6241\u5e73\u5316\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n

      \ud83d\udd0d \u6027\u80fd\u512a\u5316\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n

      \u5be6\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u5716\uff08ERD\uff09\u5b9a\u7fa9\u908f\u8f2f\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4f46\u7d22\u5f15\u5247\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5716\u8868\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u6703\u986f\u793a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f46\u8a2d\u8a08\u6c7a\u7b56\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u54ea\u4e9b\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u4e3b\u8981\u9375\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u8a31\u591a\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9375\u662f\u7fa4\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8cc7\u6599\u6703\u6839\u64da\u6b64\u9375\u9032\u884c\u7269\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u9078\u64c7\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u788e\u7247\u5316\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u5747\u52fb\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9375\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u6b21\u8981\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong> \u6bcf\u500b\u7d22\u5f15\u90fd\u6703\u6d88\u8017\u5beb\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u52a0\u5165\u592a\u591a\u7d22\u5f15\u6703\u6e1b\u6162\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u50c5\u5c0d\u7d93\u5e38\u51fa\u73fe\u5728 `WHERE`\u3001`JOIN` \u6216 `ORDER BY` \u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u6b04\u4f4d\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u8907\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong> \u7576\u591a\u500b\u6b04\u4f4d\u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\uff0c\u8907\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u6b04\u4f4d\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u61c9\u8207\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u2696\ufe0f \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/h2>\n

        \u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7406\u8ad6\u7d93\u5e38\u8a0e\u8ad6CAP\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u8a72\u5b9a\u7406\u6307\u51fa\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ea\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b49\u4e09\u9805\u7279\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u5169\u9805\uff1a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u8207\u5206\u5272\u5bb9\u932f\u6027\u3002\u4f60\u7684ERD\u8a2d\u8a08\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u4f60\u512a\u5148\u8003\u616e\u54ea\u4e00\u9805\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u512a\u5148\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u5916\u9375\u548cACID\u4e8b\u52d9\u9032\u884c\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u9019\u80fd\u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u5206\u5272\u671f\u9593\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u5ef6\u9072\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u512a\u5148\u8003\u616e\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u653e\u5bec\u7d04\u675f\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u66ab\u6642\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u7684ERD\u61c9\u652f\u63f4\u6700\u7d42\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u589e\u52a0\u300c\u7248\u672c\u300d\u6216\u300c\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u6b04\u4f4d\u4f86\u8ffd\u8e64\u8cc7\u6599\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n

        \ud83d\udd04 \u6a21\u5f0f\u6f14\u9032\u8207\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/h2>\n

        \u8edf\u9ad4\u9700\u6c42\u6703\u8b8a\u52d5\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u6a21\u5f0f\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u4e0d\u9020\u6210\u505c\u6a5f\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6f14\u9032\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u522a\u9664\u4e26\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u8868\u683c\u3002\u9077\u79fb\u7b56\u7565\u5fc5\u9808\u5167\u5efa\u65bcERD\u8a2d\u8a08\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u5411\u5f8c\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u65b0\u589e\u6b04\u4f4d\u6642\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u61c9\u8a2d\u70ba\u53ef\u70ba\u7a7a\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u8b93\u820a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7e7c\u7e8c\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u65b0\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u586b\u5165\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n
        2. \u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/strong>\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u9577\u5ea6\u985e\u578b\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u53ef\u80fd\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u6539\u8b8a\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u61c9\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u8b8a\u9577\u5ea6\u5b57\u4e32\u6216JSON\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n
        3. \u908f\u8f2f\u522a\u9664\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e0d\u8981\u7269\u7406\u522a\u9664\u8cc7\u6599\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u5176\u6a19\u8a18\u70ba\u7121\u6548\u3002\u9019\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u6b77\u53f2\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u907f\u514d\u9020\u6210\u9396\u5b9a\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u5340\u6bb5\u7684\u7d1a\u806f\u522a\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \ud83d\uded1 \u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u9677\u9631<\/h2>\n

          \u5373\u4f7f\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u5e2b\u5728\u64f4\u5c55\u6642\u4e5f\u6703\u9047\u5230\u9677\u9631\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u80fd\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u968e\u6bb5\u7bc0\u7701\u5927\u91cf\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

          1. N+1 \u67e5\u8a62\u554f\u984c<\/h3>\n

          \u7576\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5148\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u7d44\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u518d\u91dd\u5c0d\u6bcf\u7b46\u8a18\u9304\u57f7\u884c\u7368\u7acb\u67e5\u8a62\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u6b64\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u4f60\u7684ERD\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b58\u5225\u51fa\u7d93\u5e38\u4e00\u8d77\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u82e5\u9810\u671f\u6703\u983b\u7e41\u53d6\u5f97\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u53ef\u8003\u616e\u53cd\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u6216\u5efa\u7acb\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\u6a21\u578b\u6aa2\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n

          2. \u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7a4d<\/h3>\n

          \u7576\u672a\u7d93\u9069\u7576\u904e\u6ffe\u5c31\u5c07\u591a\u500b\u5927\u578b\u8868\u683c\u9032\u884c\u9023\u63a5\u6642\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u96c6\u53ef\u80fd\u5448\u6307\u6578\u7d1a\u589e\u9577\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684ERD\u5f37\u5236\u57f7\u884c\u9650\u5236\u9023\u63a5\u7d50\u679c\u6f5b\u5728\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u9375\u4e0a\u7684\u904e\u6ffe\u5668\u4f86\u9650\u5236\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/p>\n

          3. \u9806\u74b0\u4f9d\u8cf4<\/h3>\n

          \u5be6\u9ad4\u4e0d\u61c9\u5f7c\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u5faa\u74b0\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5be6\u9ad4A\u9700\u8981\u5be6\u9ad4B\uff0c\u800c\u5be6\u9ad4B\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u5be6\u9ad4A\u624d\u80fd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u9019\u6703\u5728\u555f\u52d5\u6216\u8cc7\u6599\u8f09\u5165\u671f\u9593\u9020\u6210\u6b7b\u9396\u60c5\u5883\u3002\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u5f15\u5165\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5be6\u9ad4\u6216\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u9806\u5e8f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6253\u7834\u9019\u4e9b\u5faa\u74b0\u3002<\/p>\n

          \ud83d\udcdd \u7dad\u8b77\u8207\u76e3\u63a7<\/h2>\n

          \u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7dda\u5f8c\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u76e3\u63a7\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u6548\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\u61c9\u5f15\u5c0e\u672a\u4f86ERD\u7684\u8abf\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u67e5\u8a62\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u8996\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u82e5\u67d0\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u9023\u63a5\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u61c9\u91cd\u65b0\u6aa2\u8996ERD\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u512a\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u788e\u7247\u5316\u6aa2\u67e5\uff1a<\/strong>\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u522a\u9664\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5132\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\u788e\u7247\u5316\u3002\u61c9\u898f\u5283\u7dad\u8b77\u6642\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9593\u91cd\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u512a\u5316\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u5bb9\u91cf\u898f\u5283\uff1a<\/strong>\u96a8\u8457\u8cc7\u6599\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u5132\u5b58\u9700\u6c42\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u4f30\u7b97\u6700\u5927\u8868\u683c\u7684\u589e\u9577\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u9054\u5230\u5bb9\u91cf\u6975\u9650\u524d\u898f\u5283\u5206\u7247\u6216\u5206\u5272\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\uff1a\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

            \u70ba\u843d\u5be6\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5716\u8868\u6642\u61c9\u9075\u5faa\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u9700\u6c42\u6536\u96c6\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9a\u7fa9\u8b80\u53d6\/\u5beb\u5165\u6bd4\u7387\u548c\u9810\u671f\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n
            2. \u908f\u8f2f\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a<\/strong> \u5efa\u7acbERD\uff0c\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u696d\u52d9\u5be6\u9ad4\u548c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u8003\u616e\u7269\u7406\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n
            3. \u7269\u7406\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c07\u908f\u8f2f\u6a21\u578b\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u7269\u7406\u67b6\u69cb\u3002\u65b0\u589e\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u4e26\u8003\u616e\u5206\u5340\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n
            4. \u5be9\u67e5\u8207\u9a57\u8b49\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c0d\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u64ec\u9ad8\u8ca0\u8f09\u67e5\u8a62\u3002\u8b58\u5225\u9023\u63a5\u6216\u9396\u5b9a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u74f6\u9838\u3002<\/li>\n
            5. \u6587\u4ef6\u8a18\u9304\uff1a<\/strong> \u8a18\u9304\u8a2d\u8a08\u6c7a\u7b56\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u9019\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4f55\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u5c64\u7d1a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \ud83d\udd2e \u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u505a\u597d\u672a\u4f86\u6e96\u5099<\/h2>\n

              \u6280\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6709\u6548\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e94\u5e74\u5f8c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u518d\u9069\u7528\u3002\u8a2d\u8a08\u6642\u61c9\u8003\u616e\u5f48\u6027\u3002\u907f\u514d\u5c07\u60a8\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u904e\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5132\u5b58\u5f15\u64ce\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u908f\u8f2f\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5373\u4f7f\u5e95\u5c64\u6280\u8853\u8b8a\u66f4\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u5247\u4f9d\u7136\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

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