{"id":76,"date":"2026-04-05T08:29:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-05T08:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/cn\/scaling-erd-thousands-millions-records\/"},"modified":"2026-04-05T08:29:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T08:29:12","slug":"scaling-erd-thousands-millions-records","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/cn\/scaling-erd-thousands-millions-records\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u5728\u4e0d\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06ER\u56fe\u4ece\u6570\u5343\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6bcf\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u90fd\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\u3002\u4f60\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8f7b\u677e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u5343\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u5728\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\uff08ERD\uff09\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u4f18\u96c5\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u589e\u957f\u4e86\u3002\u7528\u6237\u91c7\u7eb3\u7387\u98d9\u5347\u3002\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6025\u5267\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u7a81\u7136\u95f4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u6162\u4e86\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u6570\u79d2\u3002\u9501\u963b\u585e\u4e86\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u7684ERD\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53cd\u800c\u6210\u4e86\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6307\u5357\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4ece\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5728\u4e0d\u727a\u7272\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u6027\u80fd\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u66f4\u3002\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecd\u5728\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u5206\u533a\u6280\u672f\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u5382\u5546\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Cartoon infographic illustrating how to scale an Entity Relationship Diagram from thousands to millions of records, showing four phases: baseline normalized schema, schema refactoring with denormalization strategies, indexing techniques including composite and covering indexes, partitioning and sharding methods, query optimization tips, common pitfalls to avoid, and key performance metrics to monitor for database reliability and growth\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.we-notes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/scaling-erd-infographic-cartoon-16x9-1.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f 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\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u91cd\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5ba1\u67e5\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u5f53\u524d\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u89c4\u8303\u5316 vs. \u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u6602\u3002\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u8bfb\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u8c28\u614e\u6743\u8861\u7684\u53d6\u820d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>n<\/p>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a<\/strong>\u5bf9\u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u5c06\u5176\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e3b\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5199\u5165\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a<\/strong>\u4fdd\u6301\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u907f\u514d\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u7ea7\u8054\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4fdd\u6301\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u4e3a\u62a5\u544a\u521b\u5efa\u7269\u5316\u89c6\u56fe\u6216\u6c47\u603b\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u5341\u4e2a\u8868\u6765\u68c0\u7d22\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7684\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u6027\u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5230\u4e3b\u8d44\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u4ece\u5341\u4e2a\u51cf\u5c11\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h3>\n<p> \u5728\u4e3b\u8868\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08CLOB\uff09\u4f1a\u51cf\u6162\u9875\u9762\u8bfb\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u8f7d\u6574\u4e2a\u884c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4e3b\u952e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u884c\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6ea2\u51fa\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p> \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u5c06\u5927\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u79bb\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u8054\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \u4ec5\u5728\u660e\u786e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u624d\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \u5728\u4e3b\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u7528\uff08ID\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> \ud83d\udcc8 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u7d22\u5f15\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n<p> \u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u826f\u597d\u7684ERD\u4f9d\u8d56\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u5927\u5c0f\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u7ef4\u62a4\u7d22\u5f15\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u5199\u5165\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<h3> \u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n<p> \u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u591f\u7528\u3002\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u5141\u8bb8\u5f15\u64ce\u540c\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u5217\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6700\u5177\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u5217\u5e94\u653e\u5728\u9996\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6309<em>\u72b6\u6001<\/em>\u548c<em>\u65e5\u671f<\/em>\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c<em>\u72b6\u6001<\/em>\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u503c\uff09\uff0c\u5e94\u5c06<em>\u65e5\u671f<\/em>\u653e\u5728\u9996\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u7f29\u5c0f\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n<p>\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\u5305\u542b\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u5373\u53ef\u6ee1\u8db3\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u8bbf\u95ee\u8868\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5806\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709<code>SELECT<\/code>\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709<code>WHERE<\/code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709<code>\u6309...\u6392\u5e8f<\/code> \u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u7d22\u5f15\u7ef4\u62a4<\/h3>\n<p>\u7d22\u5f15\u5e76\u975e\u9759\u6001\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u788e\u7247\u5316\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u589e\u957f\u800c\u53d8\u5927\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u91cd\u5efa\uff1a<\/strong> \u91cd\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u788e\u7247\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u91cd\u7ec4\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5e8f\u53f6\u9875\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u76d1\u63a7\uff1a<\/strong> \u8ddf\u8e2a\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5c06\u5176\u5220\u9664\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u5199\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f \u9636\u6bb53\uff1a\u5206\u533a\u4e0e\u5206\u7247<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u5355\u4e2a\u8868\u8d85\u8fc7\u5355\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u533a\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u5fc5\u8981\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u8303\u56f4\u5206\u533a<\/h3>\n<p>\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6839\u636e\u8303\u56f4\u503c\u6765\u5212\u5206\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u671f\u6216\u8fde\u7eedID\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6309\u5e74\u4efd\u5212\u5206\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6309\u5206\u533a\u952e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u53ea\u9700\u626b\u63cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0d\u5e26\u5206\u533a\u952e\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u8981\u626b\u63cf\u6240\u6709\u6bb5\uff08\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u54c8\u5e0c\u5206\u533a<\/h3>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u952e\u5217\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6bb5\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u70ed\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u5747\u5300\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u5f97\u6602\u8d35\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247\u4e0e\u5782\u76f4\u5206\u7247<\/h3>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0a\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"width:100%; border-collapse: collapse;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>\u7b56\u7565<\/th>\n<th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<th>\u6700\u4f73\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247<\/td>\n<td>\u6839\u636e\u952e\u5c06\u884c\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u5199\u5165\u91cf\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5782\u76f4\u5206\u7247<\/td>\n<td>\u6839\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u5c06\u5217\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5927\u5217\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u76ee\u5f55\u5206\u7247<\/td>\n<td>\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u627e\u8868\u6765\u8def\u7531\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8def\u7531\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237ID\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e94\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5904\u7406\u5927\u7ea620%\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83d\ude80 \u7b2c\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u907f\u514d\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u59cb\u7ec8\u786e\u4fdd\u67e5\u8be2\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5982\u679c\u626b\u63cf\u4e86\u6574\u5f20\u8868\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d85\u65f6\u3002\u68c0\u67e5\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u201c\u7d22\u5f15\u626b\u63cf\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u627e\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8868\u626b\u63cf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u9650\u5236\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u9875\u3002\u9650\u5236\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/strong> \u6807\u51c6\u5206\u9875\u3002\u5728\u6df1\u5c42\u504f\u79fb\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u8f83\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u952e\u96c6\u5206\u9875\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u540e\u770b\u5230\u7684ID\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u9875\u3002\u5feb\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u5e94\u5c06\u5176\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u6279\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u5904\u74061000\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u540e\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u9501\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u26a0\ufe0f \u9700\u8981\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631<\/h2>\n<p>\u6269\u5c55\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8fc7\u5ea6\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong> \u7d22\u5f15\u8fc7\u591a\u4f1a\u51cf\u6162\u5199\u5165\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u9700\u76d1\u63a7\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ffd\u7565\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528<code>VARCHAR<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684ID\u4f1a\u6d6a\u8d39\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>INT<\/code> \u6216 <code>BIGINT<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N+1 \u67e5\u8be2\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u52a0\u8f7d\u6216\u6279\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8f6f\u5220\u9664\uff1a<\/strong> \u6807\u8bb0\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3a\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5176\u6c38\u8fdc\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u5f52\u6863\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9501\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u66f4\u6539\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u7ebf\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u66f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udcca \u9700\u8981\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u65e0\u6cd5\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u7ebf\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6bcf\u79d2\u884c\u6570\uff1a<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u591a\u5feb\uff1f<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6bcf\u79d2\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\uff1a<\/strong> \u8bfb\u53d6\u6d41\u91cf\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff1f<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\uff1a<\/strong> \u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u547d\u4e2d\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u662f\u78c1\u76d8\uff1f<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u8d44\u6e90\uff1f<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b58\u50a8\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u9971\u548c\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udd04 ERD\u7684\u6f14\u53d8<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u9759\u6001\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0cERD\u4e5f\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6f14\u8fdb\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u9636\u6bb51\uff08\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b8c\u5168\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u30023NF\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u300210\u4e07\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9636\u6bb52\uff08\u589e\u957f\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> 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